Advanced Grammar

01 "If I do... and if I did..." (First vs. Second Conditional)

• Comparing real/possible future possibilities ("if we take the bus") with imagined or unlikely situations ("if we took the bus").
• Using the past tense form ("if I found") to talk about present or future unlikely situations.
• Using "would/wouldn't" in the main clause for imagined outcomes.
• Using "could" and "might" as alternatives to "would".

02: "if I knew... I wish I knew..." (Present Imagined Situations)

• Using "if + past" to imagine a situation that is different from present reality.
• Using "wish + past" to express regret that a present situation is not how you want it to be.
• Using "were" instead of "was" after "if" and "wish".
• The difference between "wish I could" meaning "would be able to" versus "was able to".